Diplomatic World Sweden

Republic day of Mongolia is the principal national holiday of Mongolia, observed annually on 26 november as Republic day since 1924 with the establishment of the Mongolian People’s Republic, which is also the proclamation of the first Constitution. Independence Day is yet to come on december 29. It commemorates Mongolia’s declaration of independence from the Manchu-led Qing Dynasty in 1911. The holiday has been officially celebrated since 2011 and is sometimes mistakenly confused with Republic day.

On 29 December 1911, the ninth day of the winter solstice in the Year of the Pig, the Mongolian people launched the Mongolian Revolution of 1911, bringing an end to more than 200 years of Qing rule. They proclaimed the Eighth Bogd Khan as the spiritual and political leader of the nation, presented him with the state seal and flag, and established a government with five ministries, forming the independent Bogd Khanate of Mongolia.

The 1911 National Revolution marked the beginning of Mongolia’s modern independence—an event deeply rooted in the country’s long tradition of statehood. It reflects the Mongolian people’s enduring determination to restore their sovereignty and stands as the foundation for the later People’s Revolution of Mongolia.

Although the significance of this day was overlooked during the socialist era, the Mongolian Parliament passed a law on 16 August 2007 declaring 29 December a public holiday. A subsequent law, adopted on 23 December 2011, reaffirmed this date as the Day of Restoration of National Freedom and Independence. The day is observed nationwide as a public holiday.